Optimal Tuning of PID Controller Using Meta Heuristic Approach

PID controllers have become very popular among the control engineers for its robustness, cost-effectiveness and simple structure. But tuning the PID parameters could be a complex task in some systems. Hence, several conventional and intelligent algorithms have been proposed to achieve the desired specification .Among the intelligent algorithms, widely popular and accepted algorithms are metaheuristic algorithms. In this paper, we have introduced three such algorithms i.e. GA (Genetic Algorithm), PSO (Particle Swarm Optimization) and SA (Simulated Annealing).These algorithms are used to set the parameters for PID controller for the dc motor plant .Performance of the controller is compared for these algorithms with the conventional method and it is shown that these meta-heuristic algorithms have each proven to be an efficient optimization algorithm.